Very simple way to test if your WiFi card supports injection:
Stop Network Manager: /etc/init.d/network-manager stop
Put the card in monitor mode: airmod-ng start wlan0
Test using: aireplay-ng -9 mon0
With luck, the following output is displayed:
Trying broadcast probe requests…
Injection is working!
I am using Debian Wheezy (testing) with WiFi card:
Network controller: Intel Corporation Centrino Wireless-N 1000